<?php
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namespace JVBase\rest;
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use WP_REST_Request;
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use WP_Error;
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use WP_User;
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if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
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exit;
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}
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/**
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* Centralized Permission Handler for REST Routes
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*
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* Provides reusable permission callbacks and utilities for route authentication.
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*/
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class PermissionHandler
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{
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/**
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* Check if the 'user' parameter in request matches current logged-in user
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* Common pattern for user-specific endpoints
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*/
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public static function userMatch(WP_REST_Request $request): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in to access this resource',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$requestedUserId = $request->get_param('user');
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// No user param specified - allow (controller will handle)
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if (empty($requestedUserId)) {
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return true;
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}
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$currentUserId = get_current_user_id();
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if ((int) $requestedUserId !== $currentUserId) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You can only access your own resources',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user is an administrator
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*/
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public static function isAdmin(WP_REST_Request $request): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'Administrator access required',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user is verified (has skip_moderation capability)
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*/
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public static function isVerified(WP_REST_Request $request): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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if (!current_user_can('skip_moderation')) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_verified',
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'Account verification required',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user has a specific role
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*/
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public static function hasRole(WP_REST_Request $request, string $role): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$user = wp_get_current_user();
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$role = self::normalizeRole($role);
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if (!in_array($role, $user->roles, true)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You do not have the required role',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user has any of the specified roles
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*/
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public static function hasAnyRole(WP_REST_Request $request, array $roles): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$user = wp_get_current_user();
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$normalizedRoles = array_map([self::class, 'normalizeRole'], $roles);
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foreach ($user->roles as $userRole) {
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if (in_array($userRole, $normalizedRoles, true)) {
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return true;
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}
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}
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You do not have any of the required roles',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user has all specified roles
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*/
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public static function hasAllRoles(WP_REST_Request $request, array $roles): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$user = wp_get_current_user();
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$normalizedRoles = array_map([self::class, 'normalizeRole'], $roles);
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foreach ($normalizedRoles as $role) {
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if (!in_array($role, $user->roles, true)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You do not have all required roles',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user has a specific capability
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*/
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public static function hasCapability(WP_REST_Request $request, string $capability): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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if (!current_user_can($capability)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You do not have the required permission',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if current user has any of the specified capabilities
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*/
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public static function hasAnyCapability(WP_REST_Request $request, array $capabilities): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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foreach ($capabilities as $cap) {
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if (current_user_can($cap)) {
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return true;
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}
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}
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You do not have any of the required permissions',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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/**
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* Check if user owns a specific post
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*/
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public static function ownsPost(WP_REST_Request $request, string $paramName = 'post_id'): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$postId = $request->get_param($paramName);
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if (empty($postId)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'missing_param',
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'Post ID is required',
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['status' => 400]
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);
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}
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$post = get_post($postId);
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if (!$post) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_found',
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'Post not found',
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['status' => 404]
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);
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}
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if ((int) $post->post_author !== get_current_user_id()) {
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// Allow admins to bypass ownership check
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if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You can only modify your own content',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Check if user can edit a specific post type
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*/
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public static function canEditPostType(WP_REST_Request $request, string $postType): bool|WP_Error
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{
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if (!is_user_logged_in()) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'not_logged_in',
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'You must be logged in',
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['status' => 401]
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);
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}
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$postTypeObj = get_post_type_object($postType);
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if (!$postTypeObj) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'invalid_post_type',
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'Invalid post type',
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['status' => 400]
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);
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}
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if (!current_user_can($postTypeObj->cap->edit_posts)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'forbidden',
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'You cannot edit this content type',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Verify nonce from request header
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*/
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public static function verifyNonce(WP_REST_Request $request, string $action = 'wp_rest', string $header = 'X-WP-Nonce'): bool|WP_Error
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{
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$nonce = $request->get_header($header);
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if (empty($nonce)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'missing_nonce',
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'Security token is missing',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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if (!wp_verify_nonce($nonce, $action)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'invalid_nonce',
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'Invalid or expired security token',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* Verify action-specific nonce (e.g., 'dash-{user_id}')
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*/
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public static function verifyActionNonce(WP_REST_Request $request, string $actionPrefix, string $header = 'X-Action-Nonce'): bool|WP_Error
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{
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$userId = $request->get_param('user') ?: get_current_user_id();
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$action = $actionPrefix . $userId;
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return self::verifyNonce($request, $action, $header);
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}
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/**
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* Combined permission check: user match + rate limit
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*/
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public static function userMatchWithRateLimit(WP_REST_Request $request): bool|WP_Error
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{
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static $rateLimiter = null;
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if ($rateLimiter === null) {
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$rateLimiter = new RateLimiter();
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}
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// Check rate limit first
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if (!$rateLimiter->checkLimit($request)) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'rate_limit',
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'Too many requests. Please wait before trying again.',
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['status' => 429]
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);
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}
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return self::userMatch($request);
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}
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/**
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* Create a custom permission callback combining multiple checks
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*
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* Usage:
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* PermissionHandler::combine(['logged_in', 'verified'])
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* PermissionHandler::combine([['role' => 'artist'], ['capability' => 'edit_posts']])
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*/
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public static function combine(array $checks): callable
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{
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return function(WP_REST_Request $request) use ($checks) {
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foreach ($checks as $check) {
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$result = match (true) {
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$check === 'logged_in' => is_user_logged_in() ?: new WP_Error('not_logged_in', 'Login required', ['status' => 401]),
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$check === 'admin' => self::isAdmin($request),
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$check === 'verified' => self::isVerified($request),
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$check === 'user' => self::userMatch($request),
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is_array($check) && isset($check['role']) => self::hasRole($request, $check['role']),
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is_array($check) && isset($check['roles']) => self::hasAnyRole($request, $check['roles']),
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is_array($check) && isset($check['capability']) => self::hasCapability($request, $check['capability']),
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is_callable($check) => $check($request),
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default => true,
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};
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if (is_wp_error($result)) {
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return $result;
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}
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if ($result === false) {
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return new WP_Error('forbidden', 'Access denied', ['status' => 403]);
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}
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}
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return true;
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};
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}
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/**
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* Create an OR permission callback (passes if ANY check passes)
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*/
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public static function any(array $checks): callable
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{
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return function(WP_REST_Request $request) use ($checks) {
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$lastError = null;
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foreach ($checks as $check) {
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$result = match (true) {
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$check === 'logged_in' => is_user_logged_in(),
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$check === 'admin' => self::isAdmin($request),
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$check === 'verified' => self::isVerified($request),
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$check === 'user' => self::userMatch($request),
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is_array($check) && isset($check['role']) => self::hasRole($request, $check['role']),
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is_array($check) && isset($check['capability']) => self::hasCapability($request, $check['capability']),
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is_callable($check) => $check($request),
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default => false,
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};
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// If it's a successful check (true), pass
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if ($result === true) {
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return true;
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}
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// Track last error for reporting
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if (is_wp_error($result)) {
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$lastError = $result;
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}
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}
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return $lastError ?: new WP_Error('forbidden', 'Access denied', ['status' => 403]);
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};
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}
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/**
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* Normalize role name (add BASE prefix if needed)
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*/
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private static function normalizeRole(string $role): string
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{
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if (defined('BASE') && !str_starts_with($role, BASE)) {
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// Check if it's a WordPress core role
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$coreRoles = ['administrator', 'editor', 'author', 'contributor', 'subscriber'];
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if (!in_array($role, $coreRoles, true)) {
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return BASE . $role;
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}
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}
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return $role;
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}
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/**
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* Get current user for request (cached)
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*/
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public static function getCurrentUser(): ?WP_User
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{
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static $user = null;
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if ($user === null && is_user_logged_in()) {
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$user = wp_get_current_user();
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}
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return $user instanceof WP_User ? $user : null;
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}
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/**
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* Check if request is from same origin (basic CSRF protection)
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*/
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public static function verifySameOrigin(WP_REST_Request $request): bool|WP_Error
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{
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$origin = $request->get_header('Origin');
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$referer = $request->get_header('Referer');
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$siteUrl = get_site_url();
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$siteDomain = parse_url($siteUrl, PHP_URL_HOST);
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// Check origin header
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if ($origin) {
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$originDomain = parse_url($origin, PHP_URL_HOST);
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if ($originDomain !== $siteDomain) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'cross_origin',
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'Cross-origin requests not allowed',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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}
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// Check referer as fallback
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if (!$origin && $referer) {
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$refererDomain = parse_url($referer, PHP_URL_HOST);
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if ($refererDomain !== $siteDomain) {
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return new WP_Error(
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'cross_origin',
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'Cross-origin requests not allowed',
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['status' => 403]
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);
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}
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}
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return true;
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}
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}
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